Electromagnetic Spectrum Table; Optical Radiation Table; Radio Wave Spectrum Table

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Electromagnetic Spectrum Tables

The entire electromagnetic spectrum plays an important role in the semicon industry. Modern communications equipment that transmit and receive radio or microwaves, as well as encode and decode information, benefit from a multitude of IC's designed to do these things or support them in one way or another.

Light emitting diodes (LED's) and laser IC's employ luminescence, or emission of optical radiation as a result of electronic excitation, to perform their intended functions. X-rays and gamma rays are vital to many analytical techniques and manufacturing steps used in the industry today. The tables below present the characteristics of the various bands in the electromagnetic spectrum.

Table 1. Full Electromagnetic Spectrum Table

Electromagnetic Wave	Energy E (eV)	Frequency F (Hz)	Wavelength λ (µm)
Long Electrical Oscillation	E < 10^-10	F < 10⁴	λ > 10¹⁰
Radio Waves	10^-11 < E < 10^-⁵	10³ < F < 10⁹	10¹¹ > λ > 10⁶
Microwaves	10^-6 < E < 10^-³	10⁹ < F < 10¹²	10⁶ > λ > 10³
Infrared Rays	10^-3 < E < 2	10¹² < F < 5x10¹⁴	10³ > λ > 0.77
Visible Light	2 < E < 3	4x10¹⁴ < F < 8x10¹⁴	0.77 > λ > 0.39
Ultraviolet Rays	3 < E < 10³	7x10¹⁴ < F < 3x10¹⁷	0.39 > λ > 0.01
X-Rays	10² < E < 10⁶	10¹⁶ < F < 10²¹	0.1 > λ > 10^-7
Gamma Rays	10⁴ < E < 10⁸	10¹⁸ < F < 10²³	10^-4 > λ > 10^-8
Cosmic Rays	E > 10⁸	F > 10²²	λ < 10^-7

Table 2. Optical Radiation Spectrum Table

Optical Radiation	Wavelength λ (µm)
Extreme Infrared	40 < λ < 1000
Far Infrared	6 < λ < 40
Medium Infrared	1.5 < λ < 6
Near Infrared	0.77 < λ < 1.5
Red	0.622 < λ < 0.770
Orange	0.597 < λ < 0.622
Yellow	0.577 < λ < 0.597
Green	0.492 < λ < 0.577
Blue	0.455 < λ < 0.492
Violet	0.390 < λ < 0.455
Near Ultraviolet	0.30 < λ < 0.39
Far Ultraviolet	0.20 < λ < 0.30
Extreme Ultraviolet	0.01 < λ < 0.20

Table 3. Radio Wave Spectrum Table

Band Name	Acronym	Frequency	Wavelength
Extremely Low Frequency	ELF	3-30 Hz	100,000 km - 10,000 km
Super Low Frequency	SLF	30–300 Hz	10,000 km – 1000 km
Ultra Low Frequency	ULF	300–3000 Hz	1000 km – 100 km
Very Low Frequency	VLF	3–30 kHz	100 km – 10 km
Low Frequency	LF	30–300 kHz	10 km – 1 km
Medium Frequency	MF	300–3000 kHz	1 km – 100 m
High Frequency	HF	3–30 MHz	100 m – 10 m
Very High Frequency	VHF	30–300 MHz	10 m – 1 m
Ultra High Frequency	UHF	300–3000 MHz	1 m – 100 mm
Super High Frequency	SHF	3–30 GHz	100 mm – 10 mm
Extremely High Frequency	EHF	30–300 GHz	10 mm – 1 mm

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